23.2.1 Options for Interaction with the Continuous Phase

If the discrete phase interacts (i.e., exchanges mass, momentum, and/or energy) with the continuous phase, you should enable the Interaction with Continuous Phase option in the Discrete Phase Model dialog box (Figure  23.2.1).

Models Discrete Phase Edit...

An input for the Number of Continuous Phase Iterations per DPM Iteration will appear, which allows you to control the frequency at which the particles are tracked and the DPM sources are updated.

For steady-state simulations, increasing the Number of Continuous Phase Iterations per DPM Iteration will increase stability but require more iterations to converge.

In addition, another option exists which allows you to control the numerical treatment of the source terms and how they are applied to the continuous phase equations. Update DPM Sources Every Flow Iteration is recommended when doing unsteady simulations; at every DPM Iteration, the particle source terms are recalculated. The source terms applied to the continuous phase equations transition to the new values every flow iteration based on this equation to  this equation in the separate Theory Guide. This process is controlled by the under-relaxation factor, specified in the Solution Controls task page, see Section  23.6.1.